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2011 » February » 26 » Feeding and watching the cows
4:13 PM Feeding and watching the cows |
Milk
formation is a complex biological process which is determined by breed
survivors and individual characteristics of animals, but the most
important and decisive condition for obtaining more and better quality
milk is the feeding of cows. Rations
of cows should contain the necessary nutrients - protein,
carbohydrates, fats - and are rich in vitamins, minerals and others.
Usually 2-3 times a day to feed the cows. Different types of feed are set in the following order: concentrated, juicy (or both simultaneously) and finally roughage.
In
winter the cows rations consist of concentrated feed, hay, succulent
fodder (silage, fodder beet, etc.). And other coarse and inferior feed
(hay, straw, cornstalks). It is desirable before giving their feed have been pre - cut melasirani, stale, etc. When a small quantity hay is given breakfast and lunch in small portions. In winter the cows to water as many times as often as they feed.
Residues in food stall must be cleaned before any re-feeding of cows to avoid decay and fermenting them.
100 kg of live weight is given 1-1.5 kg 3-5 kg hay and silage. The
amount of concentrated feed (cereals, bran, oil cake, meals, etc..)
Depends on the daily milk yield of cows - to be given 200-300 g of 1
liter of milk. When
milk yield for lactating 1800-2200 l and 3.8-4% of milk fat of cows
given during winter hay 4-6 kg, 2-4 kg of straw and cornstalks, 20-25 kg
succulent forage (silage and beet) and 2-3 kg concentrated feed daily.
In summer, dairy cows are fed mainly by grazing and cut green grass. When grazing is good, only it can feed the cows with daily milk yield 10-15 kg. 100 kg of live weight provides for five kilograms of medium-quality grass, for every liter of milk an extra 3 kg. For
example, for cows with live weight of 480 kg and 12 kg daily milk yield
should be given 60 kg pasture or mown grass, without any other foods.
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